«Journal of Kharkiv University», ¹1001, 2012 physical series «Nuclei, Particles, Fields», issue 2 /54/

O.S. Posukhov, V.Y. Semenenko... Modified absorption method...

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ɍȾɄ 539.219.3

ɆɈȾɂɎɂɐɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɕɃ ȺȻɋɈɊȻɐɂɈɇɇɕɃ ɆȿɌɈȾ ɈɉɊȿȾȿɅȿɇɂə ɉȺɊȺɆȿɌɊɈȼ ȾɂɎɎɍɁɂɂ Ⱥ.ɋ. ɉɨɫɭɯɨɜ, ȼ.ȿ. ɋɟɦɟɧɟɧɤɨ, ɇ.Ƚ. ɋɬɟɪɜɨɟɞɨɜ, Ɍ.Ⱥ. Ʉɨɜɚɥɟɧɤɨ
ɏɚɪɶɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɢɦɟɧɢ ȼ.ɇ. Ʉɚɪɚɡɢɧɚ 61108, ɩɪ. Ʉɭɪɱɚɬɨɜɚ, 31, ɝ. ɏɚɪɶɤɨɜ e-mail: posuhov@yandex.ru Received 3 May 2012, accepted 22 May 2012 ȼ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɜ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚɯ ɢ ɫɩɥɚɜɚɯ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɦɟɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɟɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ȿ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɹ Do ɡɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɰɢɤɥ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɧɚ ɫɩɥɚɜɚɯ ɧɢɤɟɥɹ ɢ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɹ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ. ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɭɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ. ɄɅɘɑȿȼɕȿ ɋɅɈȼȺ: ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɹ, ɦɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ, ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ MODIFIED ABSORPTION METHOD OF DIFFUSION PARAMETERS DETERMINATION O.S. Posukhov, V.Y. Semenenko, M.G. Styervoyedov, T.O. Kovalenko Karazin Kharkov National University 61108, Kurchatova ave, 31, Kharkov, Ukraine Both the modified method for the study of diffusion in metals and alloys and the structure of instrumental measuring complex has been presented. The new method for the determination of activation energy E and preexponential factor Do for one cycle of the diffusion annealing has been developed. The results obtained for the diffusion parameters are in good agreement with published data. KEY WODS: diffusion, modified absorption method, temperature gradient ɆɈȾɂɎȱɄɈȼȺɇɂɃ ȺȻɋɈɊȻɐȱɃɇɂɃ ɆȿɌɈȾ ȼɂɁɇȺɑȿɇɇə ɉȺɊȺɆȿɌɊȱȼ ȾɂɎɍɁȱȲ Ɉ.ɋ. ɉɨɫɭɯɨɜ, ȼ.ȯ. ɋɟɦɟɧɟɧɤɨ, Ɇ.Ƚ. ɋɬɽɪɜɨɽɞɨɜ, Ɍ.Ɉ. Ʉɨɜɚɥɟɧɤɨ ɏɚɪɤɿɜɫɶɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣ ɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɿɦɟɧɿ ȼ.ɇ. Ʉɚɪɚɡɿɧɚ 61108, ɩɪ. Ʉɭɪɱɚɬɨɜɚ, 31, ɦ. ɏɚɪɤɿɜ ɍ ɪɨɛɨɬɿ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɦɨɞɢɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɿɣɧɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɞɢɮɭɡɿʀ ɭ ɦɟɬɚɥɚɯ ɬɚ ɫɩɥɚɜɚɯ, ɚ ɬɚɤɨɠ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɩɪɢɥɚɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɢɦɿɪɸɜɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɭ ɞɥɹ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ʀʀ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜ. Ɋɨɡɪɨɛɥɟɧɨ ɫɩɨɫɿɛ ɝɪɚɞɿɽɧɬɧɢɯ ɜɢɦɿɪɸɜɚɧɶ, ɡɚ ɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ ɹɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɟɧɟɪɝɿʀ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɿʀ ȿ ɬɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɟɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɿɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɨɠɧɢɤɚ Do ɡɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɰɢɤɥ ɞɢɮɭɡɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɜɿɞɩɚɥɭ. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɿ ɜɢɦɿɪɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜ ɞɢɮɭɡɿʀ ɧɚ ɫɩɥɚɜɚɯ ɧɿɤɟɥɸ ɬɚ ɚɥɸɦɿɧɿɸ, ɨɬɪɢɦɚɧɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɨɸ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɿɡɚɰɿɽɸ. Ɉɬɪɢɦɚɧɿ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢ ɡɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɞɢɮɭɡɿʀ ɞɨɛɪɟ ɫɩɿɜɩɚɞɚɸɬɶ ɡ ɜɿɞɨɦɢɦɢ ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɢɦɢ ɞɚɧɢɦɢ. ɄɅɘɑɈȼȱ ɋɅɈȼȺ: ɞɢɮɭɡɿɹ, ɦɨɞɢɮɿɤɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɿɣɧɢɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ, ɝɪɚɞɿɽɧɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ

Ⱦɢɮɮɭɡɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɦ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɮɢɡɢɤɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɨɜ ɢ ɫɩɥɚɜɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɯ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ – ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ, ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɤ, ɪɚɞɢɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ, ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɵɯ ɩɨɥɟɣ. Ɂɧɚɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ - ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ȿ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɷɫɤɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɹ Do ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ D ɨɬ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ Ɍ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɢɥɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ: (1) D = Do exp(- ȿ / RT), ɝɞɟ R – ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɚɹ Ɋɢɞɛɟɪɝɚ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ, ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɫɱɟɬɟ, ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɥɚɜɚ ɜ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɵɯ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ. ɗɬɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬ ɢɡ ɝɪɚɮɢɤɨɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɚ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɨɬ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ. Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɦɧɨɝɢɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɦɟɬɤɢ. Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɧɟɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɢɣ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɩɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɨɬɨɩɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɞɨ ɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ, ɷɬɨɬ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ, ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɬɠɢɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɦ ɜɚɤɭɭɦɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ t ɩɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ T. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚɛɟɝɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɢ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɧɟɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ, ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɞɨ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ, ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ ɩɨɥɭɪɚɫɩɚɞɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɢɡɨɬɨɩɚ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ, ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ. ɐɟɥɶɸ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɹɜɢɥɨɫɶ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɟɦ
© Posukhov O.S., Semenenko V.Y., Styervoyedov M.G., Kovalenko T.O., 2012

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«Journal of Kharkiv University», ¹ 1001, 2012

O.S. Posukhov, V.Y. Semenenko...

ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢɡɨɬɨɩɨɜ, ɚ ɰɟɥɶɸ - ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ȿ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɷɫɤɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɹ Do ɡɚ ɨɞɢɧ ɰɢɤɥ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ. ɉɈɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ɗɄɋɉȿɊɂɆȿɇɌȺ ȼ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɜɡɹɬ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɢɡɨɬɨɩɨɜ [1]. Ɉɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɩɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɵ, ɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ l ɦɧɨɝɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɧɚɧɨɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɬɨɧɤɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɧɞɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ h, (h<<l), ɚ ɞɥɢɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ, ɷɤɜɢɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɵɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹɯ ɜ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪ. ȼ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ ɞɟɥɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɪɟɡɢ, ɞɟɥɹɳɢɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ, ɩɨ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ, ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɫ ɚɩɟɪɬɭɪɧɵɦ ɨɤɧɨɦ ɞɟɬɟɤɬɨɪɚ ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ. ɑɟɪɟɡ ɦɚɫɤɭ ɜɚɤɭɭɦɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɵɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɫɥɨɣ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɨɬɨɩɚ. ɉɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɣ ɜ ɦɚɫɤɟ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɩɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɨɣ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɨɬɨɩɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɝɨ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ Jɨ ɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ, ɫɯɟɦɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɚ [2]. ɉɪɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɚɯ ɧɚɩɵɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ on-line ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ ɧɚɧɨɫɢɦɨɣ ɩɥɟɧɤɢ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɚɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɜɫɟɣ ɞɥɢɧɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɫ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɞɨ ɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɚ. ɇɚ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɨɬɠɢɝɭ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ. ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 1 ɫɯɟɦɚɬɢɱɧɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ.

Ɋɢɫ.1. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ

Ɉɞɢɧ ɤɨɧɟɰ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɝɪɟɜɭ, ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɨɣ ɞɨ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɵɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɚɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɦɢɤɪɨɬɟɪɦɨɩɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ. Ɋɚɡɥɢɱɧɚɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɧɞɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɝɥɭɛɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ, ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɧɢɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜɵɲɟ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ ɜ ɥɨɤɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɦɟɫɬɟ. ɉɪɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɣ ɞɜɭɯɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ Ⱥ (ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɚɧɬ) ɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ Ȼ (ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ), ɬɚɤ ɢ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ Ȼ ɜ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ Ⱥ. ɇɨ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɫɥɨɣ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɬɨɧɨɤ, ɬɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɚɬɨɦɨɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɱɶ, ɬɚɤɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɫɚɦɨɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɦ ɫɥɨɟ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ J ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɟɦɵɣ ɤɨɧɟɰ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɵ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ, ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɧɭɬɵɣ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɨɬɠɢɝɭ. Ɇɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 2. ɉɨɥɭɱɚɟɦɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɨɛ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪ, ɝɞɟ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦɭ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɢ ɜɵɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɢɧɬɟɪɮɟɣɫ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɜ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɢ/ɢɥɢ ɬɚɛɥɢɱɧɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ. Ɍɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɫɥɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɯ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɹɟɬ ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ exp( Px) ɪɚɡ, ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɪɚɡɢɬɶ [3] ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ: Jt exp( z 2 )(1  erf ( z )) , (2) J0 ɝɞɟ z P Dt , ɚ μ - ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɨɝɥɨɳɟɧɢɹ ɢɡɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɦ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ. ɉɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ t ɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨɦɭ μ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ D ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ. ɉɨ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦ D ɫɬɪɨɢɬɫɹ ɝɪɚɮɢɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɥɨɝɚɪɢɮɦɚ D ɨɬ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ, ɱɬɨ ɞɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɢ

physical series «Nuclei, Particles, Fields», issue

2 /54/

Modified absorption method...

137

ɩɪɟɞɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɹ.

Ɋɢɫ.2. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ

ɊȿɁɍɅɖɌȺɌɕ ɂ ɈȻɋɍɀȾȿɇɂȿ Ɇɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɜ ɦɟɬɚɥɥɚɯ ɢ ɫɩɥɚɜɚɯ ɛɵɥ ɨɩɪɨɛɨɜɚɧ ɧɚ ɫɩɥɚɜɚɯ Al-Ni, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɪɢɫɬɚɥɥɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ. ȼ ɯɨɞɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɫɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɨɬɠɢɝɭ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɨɡɞɚɜɚɥɫɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɣ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟ 30-570 Ɉɋ. Ȼɵɥɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɵ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɵ, ɩɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɧɵ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ. Ⱥɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟɦ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɞɚɥ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɧɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɧɨɣ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɢ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɦɚɥɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɫɩɚɞɚ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ (ɪɢɫ.3.).

Ɋɢɫ.3. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ

Ɋɢɫ.4. Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɨɬ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ

ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ (ɪɢɫ. 4.) ɫɨɝɥɚɫɭɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦɢ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ [4]. Ɍɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɚɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ:
D
§ 98550 r 590 · 2 -1 (1,1 r 0,1) ˜ 107 exp ¨  ¸ , (ɫɦ ɫ ). RT © ¹

(3)

ȼɕȼɈȾɕ Ɇɨɞɢɮɢɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɚɛɫɨɪɛɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɧɢɡɢɬɶ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɷɤɫɩɨɧɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɨɠɢɬɟɥɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɢ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɸ ɝɪɚɞɢɟɧɬɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ, ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɟ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ.

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«Journal of Kharkiv University», ¹ 1001, 2012

O.S. Posukhov, V.Y. Semenenko...

ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɶ, ɜɧɨɫɢɦɭɸ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦɢ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚɦɢ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɧɟɢɞɟɧɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ, ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɩɨɞɴɟɦɚ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɞɨ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɞɢɮɮɭɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɠɢɝɚ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɚɞɚ ɪɚɞɢɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ.
1. 2. 3.
ɋɉɂɋɈɄ ɅɂɌȿɊȺɌɍɊɕ Mehrer H. Diffusion in solids. – Springer, 2007. – 651 p. Borodavka A.E., Posukhov A.S., Semenenko V.E., Stervoedov S.N. Komp'yuterizirovannyy kompleks dlya issledovaniya protsessov diffuzii v metalakh i splavakh radioaktivnym metodom // Radiofizika i elektronika. – 2005. – T.10. – ʋ2. – S.326 – 330. Larikov L.N., Isaychev V.I. Diffuziya v metallakh i splavakh. – Kiev: Naukova dumka, 1987. – 510s. Azarenkov N.A., Litovchenko S.V., Semenenko V.E., Stervoedov N.G., Posukhov A.S. Modelirovanie difuzionnykh protsessov i eksperimental'noe opredelenie parametrov diffuzii v konstruktsionnykh materialakh s ispol'zovaniem radioaktivnykh izotopov // VANT, Ser. Fizika radiatsionnykh povrezhdeniy i radiatsionnoe materialovedenie (88). – 2007. – ʋ5. – S.76 – 81.

4.