Законодавче забезпечення процесу підготовки науково-педагогічних кадрів в університетах України (друга половина ХІХ – початок ХХ століття)

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of the academic staff training in the universities of Ukraine in the second half of XIX – at the beginning of XX century. The regulatory and legal framework, which regulated the training of academic staff in Ukrainian universities during the researched period, is determined. It mostly included by-laws (decrees, resolutions, circulars, instructions, rules). It is established that the institute of “professor scholarship holders” became one of the effective forms to train academic staff. The responsibilities of “professor scholarship holders” are singled out. They were connected with their learning, scientific and research, teaching activities. Particular attention is drawn to changing the requirements for the reports submitted to the Ministry of Public Education, which dealt with holding classes by “professor scholarship holders”: 1) the scientific counselor’s report, which was prior discussed at the faculty meeting, alongside with the conclusions drawn by the curator of the educational district (since 1884); 2) the report of the scholarship holder with the scientific counselor’s review on the classes conducted, or just a general review of the scientific counselor (since 1902); 3) scientific works of the scholarship holder attached to the report (since 1903) for the objective evaluation of their scientific and research work. It is mentioned that the candidates for occupying the position of the professor in universities were chosen by the scientific council or the educational committee on the grounds of their scientific researches in the particular field. It is found out that with the consent of the Ministry of Public Education, “professor scholarship holders”, who demonstrated a high level of research work, were granted a permission for a foreign trip “for scientific purposes” to higher education institutions and educational institutions in Western Europe. Such persons were issued “open letters” with the description of the special purpose of their trip (since 1872). Reports on foreign trips and written faculty remarks submitted to the Ministry of Public Education were the grounds for establishing guidance on the further activities of the scientists, for the continuation or their withdrawal from the trips.