Оцінка університетською спільнотою ролі та значення інституту приват-доцентури в університетах України (друга половина ХІХ – початок ХХ століття)

Abstract

У статті висвітлено погляди університетської спільноти щодо ролі й значення інституту приват-доцентури в університетах України (другої половини ХІХ - початку ХХ ст.). З’ясовано основні причини труднощів на шляху становлення / розвитку інституту приват-доцентури та ставлення університетських колективів щодо їх подолання.Historical and pedagogical heritage of the past has practical value for the development of a new system of education in Ukraine because not only does such knowledge allows assessing the unrealized ideas of that time but also finding ways of increasing the level of university education. The purpose of the article is to reveal the views of the university community, including I. Vasyliev, V.S. Ikonnykov, M.I. Kostomarov, V.P. Krylov, M.O. Liubymov, Iu.I. Matson, M.K. Rennekampf, P.E. Romer, O. M. Savych, regarding the role and importance of part-time associate-professorship in prerevolutionary universities of Ukraine. With the help of the methods of objectivity, historical analysis and synthesis it is determined that there was no established opinion on delimitation of the rights and obligations of Associate Professors and part time Associate Professors at the beginning of the 60-s of the 19th century among the universities’ faculties. A significant part of the faculty considered part-time associate-professorship unacceptable for the educational system of the Russian Empire because its development was very slow for a long time, and part time Associate Professors only waited for the promotion to the position of a full-time Associate Professor. It is noted that most of the Professors who analyzed the conditions of the existence of part-time associate professorship did not support the fee system and demanded a substantial increase of funds for these freelance teachers payment. It is shown that the part-time associate-professorship was not developed at any of the universities of Ukraine, not taking into consideration the few cases that became the only exceptions. The Ministry of National Education was constantly against the intentions of complicating the full-time employment of Associate Professors. Some Professors evaluated part-time Associate Professors’ scientific-pedagogical skills too critically considering special courses they taught unnecessary.